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Деятельность учителя |
Деятельность учащихся |
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Начало урока. - Good morning, boys and girls.
How are you?
- I am fine too. Thank you. You may take your seats. Let us begin our lesson.
Who is absent today? |
We are fine. And how are you?
P1:… are absent today (all are present). |
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Речевая зарядка. 1) (Левая и
правая часть доски закрыты. Учитель открывает
левую треть доски. На левом развороте написаны
устойчивые выражения на английском языке по теме
урока). |
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• to accuse smb. of smth. – • to charge smb. with smth. –
• to try smb. for smth. –
• to prosecute –
• to bring a suit against smb. –
• to have the law on smb. –
• to commit a crime –
• to win (to lose) a case –
• to find smb. guilty (not guilty) –
• to pass a sentence –
• to sentence smb. (to) –
• to lodge an appeal (a cassation) –
• to acquit –
• to release on bail –
• to give evidence –
• to arrest (to detain) on a charge (of) –
• to plead guilty (not guilty) –
• to return a verdict –
- Now, comrades, look at the blackboard. Here are some set-expressions, which we are
going to revise and use today, while speaking about the participants of a law-court trial
and their functions. On the left part of the blackboard there are set-expressions written
in English. Please, give their Russian equivalents.
(Учитель открывает правую треть доски. На
правом развороте написаны те же самые устойчивые
выражения и в том же порядке, что и на левой трети
доски, но на русском языке. Левая треть доски
вновь закрыта).
- Now, comrades, give the English equivalents to the same set-expressions. |
Ученики переводят устойчивые выражения на
русский язык.
Ученики дают английские эквиваленты
устойчивых выражений, написанных на русском
языке. |
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Тренировка лексических единиц 1) – What
participants of a law-court trial do you know? |
P1: the judge P2: the magistrate
P3: the jury
P4: the juror
P5: the counsel
P6: the people's assessor
P7: the public prosecutor
P8: the plaintiff
P9: the defendant
P10: the accused
P11: the accomplice
P12: the suspect
P13: the witness
P14: the victim |
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Тренировка лексических единиц 1) – What
participants of a law-court trial do you know?
2) Now, comrades, answer my question.
How do we call a person who: |
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• conducts a trial and passes the sentence? |
P1: A person who conducts a trial and passes the sentence is
called the judge. |
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• has a first-hand knowledge of the event and gives evidence under oath
in court? |
P2: A person who has a first-hand knowledge of the event and
gives evidence under oath in court is called the witness. |
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• brings a suit against another person? |
P3: A person who brings a suit against another person is
called the plaintiff. |
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• in cooperation with other person is to decide the truth of the case
tried before the judge? |
P4: A person who in cooperation with other person is to
decide the truth of the case tried before the judge is called the juror. |
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• helps in a crime or who keeps a crime secret? |
P5: A person who helps in a crime or who keeps a crime secret
is called the accomplice. |
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• who acts for the state in prosecuting criminals? |
P6: A person who acts for the state in prosecuting criminals
is called the public prosecutor. |
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• is appointed to try small offences in Britain? |
P7: A person who is appointed to try small offences in
Britain is called the magistrate. |
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• who breaks laws? |
P8: A person who breaks laws is called the accused. |
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• who is believed or suspected in committing a crime and brought before
the court? |
P9: A person who is believed or suspected in committing a
crime and brought before the court is called the suspect. |
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• who suffers from an offence? |
P10: A person who suffers from an offence is called the
victim. |
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3) – Now we shall speak about the functions and the duties of some
participants of a law-court trial. Let us make up dialogs, using all the information,
which we have discussed. Let us work "in chain”. Sergei, ask Kate a question about the
duties of the judge. - Kate, answer Sergei's question.
- Kate, ask Masha a question. |
Sergei: What does the judge do? Kate: The judge conducts a
trial and passes the sentence.
Kate: What does the witness do?
Masha: The witness gives evidence under oath in court.
(Далее ученики работают "в цепочке” –
составляют микродиалоги о функциях каждого
участника процесса по образцу). |
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4) - Now we shall speak about the functions of the judge in court. Answer
my questions: |
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- Does the judge give evidence in court? |
P1: No, he does not. The witness gives evidence under oath in
court. |
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- Does the judge conduct a trial? |
P2: Yes, he does. His functions are to conduct the
proceedings. |
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- The judges are appointed from the baristers, aren't they? |
P3: Yes, they are. The judges are appointed from the
barristers. |
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- The court is presided over by a judge, isn't it? |
P4: Yes, it is. The court is presided over by a judge,
sitting alone. |
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- Does the judge point out the problems to be clarified or steal smth.
out of your pocket in court? |
P5: The judge points out the problems to be clarified. |
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- Does the judge bring a suit against another person or interpret the law
and passe the sentence? |
P6: The judge interprets the law and passes the sentence. |
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- Who rules the details of the procedure? |
P7: The judge rules the details of the procedure. |
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- Let us make the summing up of the information we have just discussed. What
are the judge's duties? |
P8: The court is presided over by a JUDGE, sitting alone. His
functions are to conduct the proceedings, point out the problems to be clarified, put
questions to the parties and witnesses, examine the documents and evidence, rule the
details of the procedure. He also makes the summing up to the jury, interprets a law and
passes the sentence. Judges are not a separate profession in Britain. |
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5) - Now let us speak about witnesses. Answer my questions. |
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• Do witnesses come to the court themselves? |
- No, they don't. Witnesses are brought to the court on the
initiative of the parties. |
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• What do the witnesses do when the case starts? |
- When the case starts, the witnesses are asked to leave the
courtroom. |
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• Who calls the witness in to the courtroom? |
- He is called in by the barristers. |
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• Where is evidence given? |
- Evidence is given in the witness box. |
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• What may a witness tell? |
- A witness may tell only what he himself knows to be true.
He must describe what he saw but not what he heard from over persons. |
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• Is the so-called "hearsay” evidence taken into consideration
under English law? |
- Under English law, the so-called "hearsay” evidence is
not generally taken into consideration. |
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Now, tell everything you know about giving evidence in court. |
- Witnesses are brought to the court on the initiative of the
parties. When the case starts, the witnesses are asked to leave the courtroom. They are
called in by the barristers. On giving evidence the witness must not leave the court to
prevent his mixing with later witnesses. Evidence is given in the witness box. Before a
witness goes into it, he is required to swear an oath, with his hand on the Bible.
A witness may tell only what he himself knows to be true. He must describe what he saw,
but not what he heard from other persons. Under English law, the so-called "hearsay”
evidence is not generally taken into consideration. |
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6) - In England and Wales the legal profession is traditionally divided
into two classes of layers – barristers and solicitors. Let us discuss if there is any
difference between the work of the solicitor and that of the barrister. Again answer my
questions. |
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• Do barristers do little or much advocacy? |
P1: There are many barristers who do little advocacy, and
there are solicitors who do little else, but who have made considerable reputations for
themselves in the courts in which they are allowed to appear. |
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• Do solicitors do little or much advocacy? |
P2: Solicitors do little advocacy. |
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• How have the solicitors made reputations for themselves? |
P3: There are solicitors who have made considerable
reputations for themselves in the courts in which they are allowed to appear. |
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• What kind of layers are solicitors? |
P4: Solicitors are layers who undertake legal business for
ordinary people (non professional clients), while barristers advise through solicitors and
conduct the case in the higher courts. |
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• Is there are any different between the work of the solicitor and that
of the barrister? Let us make the summing up. |
P5: There is no practical difference between the work of the
solicitor and that of the barrister. For there are many barristers who do little advocacy,
and there are solicitors who do little else, but who have made considerable reputations
for themselves in the courts in which they are allowed to appear. In general, however,
solicitors are layers who undertake the legal business for ordinary people
(non-professional clients), while barristers advise through solicitors and conduct the
case in the higher courts. A prospective barrister must have an accepted educational
standard, pass the special legal examinations and become a member of a legal corporation,
called "Inn of court”. |
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7) - And now we are going to discuss the jury service. Answer my
questions. |
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• What kinds of crimes are tried before a jury? |
P1: All serious crimes are tried in a superior court before a
jury. Sometimes juries may be found in civil cases, too. |
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• A jury consists of 15 persons, isn't it? |
P2: No, it is not. A jury consists of twelve persons. |
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• What people are liable to be summoned for jury service? |
P2: No, it is not. A jury consists of twelve persons. |
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• What does the jury do in a court? |
P3: Most tax-payers (men and women alike) are liable to be
summoned for jury service if they are between the ages of 21 and 60. |
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• What should be done if the jurors are unable to reach agreement? |
P4: The jury returns a verdict which must be unanimous. |
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• How does the jury return a verdict? |
P5: If the jurors are unable to reach agreement, the case
must be retried before a new jury. |
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• What kind of verdict may the jury entitle to return in criminal case
according to english law? |
P6: According to English law, the jury in criminal cases is
entitled to return only one of the two verdicts – guilty or not guilty. Under the
Scottish law there is also the third formula – not proven – which is actually the same
as not guilty. |
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-Let us make the summing up of the information we have learnt about the
jury service. - We have learnt much today about one aspect of a Judicial System – the
participants of a law-court trial and their functions. |
Учащиеся подытоживают всю
полученную информацию о присяжных заседателях. |
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Задание на дом Your homework is: read the
text once more and answer the questions:
• In what cases are people taken to custody?
• What kinds of crimes do you happen to know?
• What kinds of punishments imposed on the convicts do you know? |
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Конец урока Thank you for the lesson. I'm
pleased with your work. You may be free. |
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